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H0583...........................................................by BUSINESS
UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE - Amends existing law to provide that persons who
transfer demand drafts for consideration make certain warranties unless
such warranties are not given under applicable conflict of law rules; and
to define terms.
02/08 House intro - 1st rdg - to printing
02/11 Rpt prt - to Bus
02/20 Rpt out - rec d/p - to 2nd rdg
02/21 2nd rdg - to 3rd rdg
02/26 3rd rdg - PASSED - 69-0-1
AYES -- Aikele, Barraclough, Barrett, Bedke, Bell, Bieter, Black,
Block, Boe, Bolz, Bradford, Bruneel, Callister, Campbell, Clark,
Collins, Crow, Cuddy, Deal, Denney, Ellis, Ellsworth, Eskridge,
Field(13), Field(20), Gagner, Gould, Hadley, Hammond, Harwood,
Henbest, Higgins, Hornbeck, Jaquet, Jones, Kellogg(Duncan), Kendell,
Kunz, Lake, Langford, Loertscher, Mader, Martinez, McKague, Meyer,
Montgomery, Moyle, Pearce, Pischner, Pomeroy, Raybould, Ridinger,
Roberts, Robison, Sali, Schaefer, Sellman, Shepherd, Smith(33),
Smith(23), Smylie, Stevenson, Stone, Tilman, Trail, Wheeler, Wood,
Young, Mr. Speaker
NAYS -- None
Absent and excused -- Mortensen
Floor Sponsor - Higgins
Title apvd - to Senate
02/27 Senate intro - 1st rdg - to Com/HuRes
03/12 Rpt out - rec d/p - to 2nd rdg
03/13 2nd rdg - to 3rd rdg
03/15 3rd rdg - PASSED - 34-0-1
AYES -- Andreason, Boatright, Branch Brandt, Bunderson, Burtenshaw,
Cameron, Darrington, Davis, Deide, Dunklin, Frasure, Geddes, Goedde,
Hill, Ingram, Ipsen, Keough, King-Barrutia, Little, Lodge, Marley,
Noh, Richardson, Risch, Sandy, Schroeder, Sims, Sorensen, Stegner,
Stennett, Thorne, Wheeler, Williams
NAYS -- None
Absent and excused -- Hawkins
Floor Sponsor - Andreason
Title apvd - to House
03/15 To enrol - rpt enrol - Sp signed
Pres signed
03/18 To Governor
03/20 Governor signed
Session Law Chapter 121
Effective: 07/01/02
|||| LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF IDAHO ||||
Fifty-sixth Legislature Second Regular Session - 2002
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
HOUSE BILL NO. 583
BY BUSINESS COMMITTEE
1 AN ACT
2 RELATING TO THE UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE; AMENDING SECTION 28-3-103, IDAHO
3 CODE, TO PROVIDE A REFERENCE TO DEMAND DRAFTS; AMENDING SECTION 28-3-104,
4 IDAHO CODE, TO PROVIDE A REFERENCE TO DEMAND DRAFTS AND TO DEFINE "DEMAND
5 DRAFT"; AMENDING SECTION 28-3-416, IDAHO CODE, TO PROVIDE THAT PERSONS WHO
6 TRANSFER DEMAND DRAFTS FOR CONSIDERATION MAKE CERTAIN WARRANTIES UNLESS
7 SUCH WARRANTIES ARE NOT GIVEN UNDER APPLICABLE CONFLICT OF LAW RULES;
8 AMENDING SECTION 28-3-417, IDAHO CODE, TO PROVIDE THAT PERSONS OBTAINING
9 PAYMENT OR ACCEPTANCE ON DEMAND DRAFTS AND PREVIOUS TRANSFERORS OF DEMAND
10 DRAFTS MAKE CERTAIN WARRANTIES UNLESS SUCH WARRANTIES ARE NOT GIVEN UNDER
11 APPLICABLE CONFLICT OF LAW RULES AND TO DEFINE "DEMAND DRAFT"; AMENDING
12 SECTION 28-4-207, IDAHO CODE, TO PROVIDE THAT CUSTOMERS OR COLLECTING
13 BANKS TRANSFERRING DEMAND DRAFTS FOR CONSIDERATION MAKE CERTAIN WARRANTIES
14 UNLESS SUCH WARRANTIES ARE NOT GIVEN UNDER APPLICABLE CONFLICT OF LAW
15 RULES; AND AMENDING SECTION 28-4-208, IDAHO CODE, TO PROVIDE FOR PRESENT-
16 MENT WARRANTIES FOR DEMAND DRAFTS AND TO PROVIDE THAT SUCH WARRANTIES
17 SHALL NOT APPLY UNDER CERTAIN CONFLICT OF LAW RULES AND TO DEFINE "DEMAND
18 DRAFT."
19 Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Idaho:
20 SECTION 1. That Section 28-3-103, Idaho Code, be, and the same is hereby
21 amended to read as follows:
22 28-3-103. DEFINITIONS. (1) In this chapter:
23 (a) "Acceptor" means a drawee who has accepted a draft.
24 (b) "Drawee" means a person ordered in a draft to make payment.
25 (c) "Drawer" means a person who signs or is identified in a draft as a
26 person ordering payment.
27 (d) "Good faith" means honesty in fact in the conduct or transaction con-
28 cerned.
29 (e) "Maker" means a person who signs or is identified in a note as a per-
30 son undertaking to pay.
31 (f) "Order" means a written instruction to pay money signed by the person
32 giving the instruction. The instruction may be addressed to any person,
33 including the person giving the instruction, or to one (1) or more persons
34 jointly or in the alternative but not in succession. An authorization to
35 pay is not an order unless the person authorized to pay is also instructed
36 to pay.
37 (g) "Ordinary care" in the case of a person engaged in business means
38 observance of reasonable commercial standards, prevailing in the area in
39 which the person is located, with respect to the business in which the
40 person is engaged. In the case of a bank that takes an instrument for
41 processing for collection or payment by automated means, reasonable com-
42 mercial standards do not require the bank to examine the instrument if the
43 failure to examine does not violate the bank's prescribed procedures and
2
1 the bank's procedures do not vary unreasonably from general banking usage
2 not disapproved by this chapter or chapter 4.
3 (h) "Party" means a party to an instrument.
4 (i) "Promise" means a written undertaking to pay money signed by the per-
5 son undertaking to pay. An acknowledgment of an obligation by the obligor
6 is not a promise unless the obligor also undertakes to pay the obliga-
7 tion.
8 (j) "Prove" with respect to a fact means to meet the burden of establish-
9 ing the fact (section 28-1-201(8)).
10 (k) "Remitter" means a person who purchases an instrument from its issuer
11 if the instrument is payable to an identified person other than the pur-
12 chaser.
13 (2) Other definitions applying to this chapter and the sections in which
14 they appear are:
15 "Acceptance" Section 28-3-409
16 "Accommodated party" Section 28-3-419
17 "Accommodation party" Section 28-3-419
18 "Alteration" Section 28-3-407
19 "Anomalous indorsement" Section 28-3-205
20 "Blank indorsement" Section 28-3-205
21 "Cashier's check" Section 28-3-104
22 "Certificate of deposit" Section 28-3-104
23 "Certified check" Section 28-3-409
24 "Check" Section 28-3-104
25 "Consideration" Section 28-3-303
26 "Demand draft" Section 28-3-104
27 "Draft" Section 28-3-104
28 "Holder in due course" Section 28-3-302
29 "Incomplete instrument" Section 28-3-115
30 "Indorsement" Section 28-3-204
31 "Indorser" Section 28-3-204
32 "Instrument" Section 28-3-104
33 "Issue" Section 28-3-105
34 "Issuer" Section 28-3-105
35 "Negotiable instrument" Section 28-3-104
36 "Negotiation" Section 28-3-201
37 "Note" Section 28-3-104
38 "Payable at a definite time" Section 28-3-108
39 "Payable on demand" Section 28-3-108
40 "Payable to bearer" Section 28-3-109
41 "Payable to order" Section 28-3-109
42 "Payment" Section 28-3-602
43 "Person entitled to enforce" Section 28-3-301
44 "Presentment" Section 28-3-501
45 "Reacquisition" Section 28-3-207
46 "Special indorsement" Section 28-3-205
47 "Teller's check" Section 28-3-104
48 "Transfer of instrument" Section 28-3-203
49 "Traveler's check" Section 28-3-104
50 "Value" Section 28-3-303
51 (3) The following definitions in other chapters apply to this chapter:
52 "Bank" Section 28-4-105
53 "Banking day" Section 28-4-104
54 "Clearing house" Section 28-4-104
55 "Collecting bank" Section 28-4-105
3
1 "Depositary bank" Section 28-4-105
2 "Documentary draft" Section 28-4-104
3 "Intermediary bank" Section 28-4-105
4 "Item" Section 28-4-104
5 "Payor bank" Section 28-4-105
6 "Suspends payments" Section 28-4-104
7 (4) In addition, chapter 1 contains general definitions and principles of
8 construction and interpretation applicable throughout this chapter.
9 SECTION 2. That Section 28-3-104, Idaho Code, be, and the same is hereby
10 amended to read as follows:
11 28-3-104. NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENT. (1) Except as provided in subsections
12 (3) and (4) of this section, "negotiable instrument" means an unconditional
13 promise or order to pay a fixed amount of money, with or without interest or
14 other charges described in the promise or order, if it:
15 (a) Is payable to bearer or to order at the time it is issued or first
16 comes into possession of a holder;
17 (b) Is payable on demand or at a definite time; and
18 (c) Does not state any other undertaking or instruction by the person
19 promising or ordering payment to do any act in addition to the payment of
20 money, but the promise or order may contain (i) an undertaking or power to
21 give, maintain, or protect collateral to secure payment, (ii) an authori-
22 zation or power to the holder to confess judgment or realize on or dispose
23 of collateral, or (iii) a waiver of the benefit of any law intended for
24 the advantage or protection of an obligor.
25 (2) "Instrument" means a negotiable instrument.
26 (3) An order that meets all of the requirements of subsection (1) of this
27 section, except paragraph (a), and otherwise falls within the definition of
28 "check" in subsection (6) of this section is a negotiable instrument and a
29 check.
30 (4) A promise or order other than a check is not an instrument if, at the
31 time it is issued or first comes into possession of a holder, it contains a
32 conspicuous statement, however expressed, to the effect that the promise or
33 order is not negotiable or is not an instrument governed by this chapter.
34 (5) An instrument is a "note" if it is a promise and is a "draft" if it
35 is an order. If an instrument falls within the definition of both "note" and
36 "draft," a person entitled to enforce the instrument may treat it as either.
37 (6) "Check" means (i) a draft, other than a documentary draft, payable on
38 demand and drawn on a bank, or (ii) a cashier's check or teller's check, or
39 (iii) a demand draft. An instrument may be a check even though it is
40 described on its face by another term, such as "money order."
41 (7) "Cashier's check" means a draft with respect to which the drawer and
42 drawee are the same bank or branches of the same bank.
43 (8) "Teller's check" means a draft drawn by a bank (i) on another bank,
44 or (ii) payable at or through a bank.
45 (9) "Traveler's check" means an instrument that (i) is payable on demand,
46 (ii) is drawn on or payable at or through a bank, (iii) is designated by the
47 term "traveler's check" or by a substantially similar term, and (iv) requires,
48 as a condition to payment, a countersignature by a person whose specimen sig-
49 nature appears on the instrument.
50 (10) "Certificate of deposit" means an instrument containing an acknowl-
51 edgment by a bank that a sum of money has been received by the bank and a
52 promise by the bank to repay the sum of money. A certificate of deposit is a
53 note of the bank.
4
1 (11) "Demand draft" means a writing not signed by the customer that is
2 created by a third party under the purported authority of the customer for the
3 purpose of charging the customer's account with a bank. A demand draft shall
4 contain the customer's account number and may contain any or all of the fol-
5 lowing:
6 (a) The customer's printed or typewritten name;
7 (b) A notation that the customer authorized the draft; or
8 (c) The statement "no signature required" or words to that effect.
9 "Demand draft" does not include a check purportedly drawn by and bearing
10 the signature of a fiduciary, as defined in section 68-301, Idaho Code.
11 SECTION 3. That Section 28-3-416, Idaho Code, be, and the same is hereby
12 amended to read as follows:
13 28-3-416. TRANSFER WARRANTIES. (1) A person who transfers an instrument
14 for consideration warrants to the transferee and, if the transfer is by
15 indorsement, to any subsequent transferee that:
16 (a) The warrantor is a person entitled to enforce the instrument;
17 (b) All signatures on the instrument are authentic and authorized;
18 (c) The instrument has not been altered;
19 (d) The instrument is not subject to a defense or claim in recoupment of
20 any party which can be asserted against the warrantor; and
21 (e) The warrantor has no knowledge of any insolvency proceeding commenced
22 with respect to the maker or acceptor or, in the case of an unaccepted
23 draft, the drawer; and
24 (f) If the instrument is a demand draft, creation of the instrument
25 according to the terms on its face was authorized by the person identified
26 as drawer.
27 (2) A person to whom the warranties under subsection (1) of this section
28 are made and who took the instrument in good faith may recover from the
29 warrantor as damages for breach of warranty an amount equal to the loss suf-
30 fered as a result of the breach, but not more than the amount of the instru-
31 ment plus expenses and loss of interest incurred as a result of the breach.
32 (3) The warranties stated in subsection (1) of this section cannot be
33 disclaimed with respect to checks. Unless notice of a claim for breach of
34 warranty is given to the warrantor within thirty (30) days after the claimant
35 has reason to know of the breach and the identity of the warrantor, the lia-
36 bility of the warrantor under subsection (2) of this section is discharged to
37 the extent of any loss caused by the delay in giving notice of the claim.
38 (4) A cause of action for breach of warranty under this section accrues
39 when the claimant has reason to know of the breach.
40 (5) If the warranty in subsection (1)(f) of this section is not given by
41 a transferor under applicable conflict of law rules, then the warranty is not
42 given to that transferor when that transferor is a transferee.
43 SECTION 4. That Section 28-3-417, Idaho Code, be, and the same is hereby
44 amended to read as follows:
45 28-3-417. PRESENTMENT WARRANTIES. (1) If an unaccepted draft is presented
46 to the drawee for payment or acceptance and the drawee pays or accepts the
47 draft, (i) the person obtaining payment or acceptance, at the time of present-
48 ment, and (ii) a previous transferor of the draft, at the time of transfer,
49 warrant to the drawee making payment or accepting the draft in good faith
50 that:
51 (a) The warrantor is, or was, at the time the warrantor transferred the
5
1 draft, a person entitled to enforce the draft or authorized to obtain pay-
2 ment or acceptance of the draft on behalf of a person entitled to enforce
3 the draft;
4 (b) The draft has not been altered; and
5 (c) The warrantor has no knowledge that the signature of the drawer of
6 the draft is unauthorized; and
7 (d) If the draft is a demand draft, creation of the demand draft accord-
8 ing to the terms on its face was authorized by the person identified as
9 drawer.
10 (2) A drawee making payment may recover from any warrantor damages for
11 breach of warranty equal to the amount paid by the drawee less the amount the
12 drawee received or is entitled to receive from the drawer because of the pay-
13 ment. In addition, the drawee is entitled to compensation for expenses and
14 loss of interest resulting from the breach. The right of the drawee to
15 recover damages under this subsection is not affected by any failure of the
16 drawee to exercise ordinary care in making payment. If the drawee accepts the
17 draft, breach of warranty is a defense to the obligation of the acceptor. If
18 the acceptor makes payment with respect to the draft, the acceptor is entitled
19 to recover from any warrantor for breach of warranty the amounts stated in
20 this subsection.
21 (3) If a drawee asserts a claim for breach of warranty under subsection
22 (1) of this section, based on an unauthorized indorsement of the draft or an
23 alteration of the draft, the warrantor may defend by proving that the indorse-
24 ment is effective under section 28-3-404 or 28-3-405 or the drawer is pre-
25 cluded under section 28-3-406 or 28-4-406 from asserting against the drawee
26 the unauthorized indorsement or alteration.
27 (4) If (i) a dishonored draft is presented for payment to the drawer or
28 an indorser or (ii) any other instrument is presented for payment to a party
29 obliged to pay the instrument, and (iii) payment is received, the following
30 rules apply:
31 (a) The person obtaining payment and a prior transferor of the instrument
32 warrant to the person making payment in good faith that the warrantor is,
33 or was, at the time the warrantor transferred the instrument, a person
34 entitled to enforce the instrument or authorized to obtain payment on
35 behalf of a person entitled to enforce the instrument.
36 (b) The person making payment may recover from any warrantor for breach
37 of warranty an amount equal to the amount paid plus expenses and loss of
38 interest resulting from the breach.
39 (5) The warranties stated in subsections (1) and (4) of this section can-
40 not be disclaimed with respect to checks. Unless notice of a claim for breach
41 of warranty is given to the warrantor within thirty (30) days after the claim-
42 ant has reason to know of the breach and the identity of the warrantor, the
43 liability of the warrantor under subsection (2) or (4) of this section is dis-
44 charged to the extent of any loss caused by the delay in giving notice of the
45 claim.
46 (6) A cause of action for breach of warranty under this section accrues
47 when the claimant has reason to know of the breach.
48 (7) A demand draft is a check, as provided in section 28-3-104.
49 (8) If the warranty in subsection (1)(d) of this section is not given by
50 a transferor under applicable conflict of law rules, the warranty is not given
51 to that transferor when the transferor is a transferee.
52 SECTION 5. That Section 28-4-207, Idaho Code, be, and the same is hereby
53 amended to read as follows:
6
1 28-4-207. TRANSFER WARRANTIES. (1) A customer or collecting bank that
2 transfers an item and receives a settlement or other consideration warrants to
3 the transferee and to any subsequent collecting bank that:
4 (a) The warrantor is a person entitled to enforce the item;
5 (b) All signatures on the item are authentic and authorized;
6 (c) The item has not been altered;
7 (d) The item is not subject to a defense or claim in recoupment (section
8 28-3-305(1)) of any party that can be asserted against the warrantor; and
9 (e) The warrantor has no knowledge of any insolvency proceeding commenced
10 with respect to the maker or acceptor or, in the case of an unaccepted
11 draft, the drawer; and
12 (f) If the item is a demand draft, creation of the item according to the
13 terms on its face was authorized by the person identified as drawer.
14 (2) If an item is dishonored, a customer or collecting bank transferring
15 the item and receiving settlement or other consideration is obliged to pay the
16 amount due on the item (i) according to the terms of the item at the time it
17 was transferred, or (ii) if the transfer was of an incomplete item, according
18 to its terms when completed as stated in sections 28-3-115 and 28-3-407. The
19 obligation of a transferor is owed to the transferee and to any subsequent
20 collecting bank that takes the item in good faith. A transferor cannot dis-
21 claim its obligation under this subsection by an indorsement stating that it
22 is made "without recourse" or otherwise disclaiming liability.
23 (3) A person to whom the warranties under subsection (1) of this section
24 are made and who took the item in good faith may recover from the warrantor as
25 damages for breach of warranty an amount equal to the loss suffered as a
26 result of the breach, but not more than the amount of the item plus expenses
27 and loss of interest incurred as a result of the breach.
28 (4) The warranties stated in subsection (1) of this section cannot be
29 disclaimed with respect to checks. Unless notice of a claim for breach of war-
30 ranty is given to the warrantor within thirty (30) days after the claimant has
31 reason to know of the breach and the identity of the warrantor, the warrantor
32 is discharged to the extent of any loss caused by the delay in giving notice
33 of the claim.
34 (5) A cause of action for breach of warranty under this section accrues
35 when the claimant has reason to know of the breach.
36 (6) If the warranty in subsection (1)(f) of this section is not given by
37 a transferor under applicable conflict of law rules, the warranty is not given
38 to that transferor when the transferor is a transferee, nor to any prior col-
39 lecting bank.
40 SECTION 6. That Section 28-4-208, Idaho Code, be, and the same is hereby
41 amended to read as follows:
42 28-4-208. PRESENTMENT WARRANTIES. (1) If an unaccepted draft is presented
43 to the drawee for payment or acceptance and the drawee pays or accepts the
44 draft, (i) the person obtaining payment or acceptance, at the time of present-
45 ment, and (ii) a previous transferor of the draft, at the time of transfer,
46 warrant to the drawee that pays or accepts the draft in good faith that:
47 (a) The warrantor is, or was, at the time the warrantor transferred the
48 draft, a person entitled to enforce the draft or authorized to obtain pay-
49 ment or acceptance of the draft on behalf of a person entitled to enforce
50 the draft;
51 (b) The draft has not been altered; and
52 (c) The warrantor has no knowledge that the signature of the purported
53 drawer of the draft is unauthorized; and
7
1 (d) If the draft is a demand draft, creation of the demand draft accord-
2 ing to the terms on its face was authorized by the person identified as
3 drawer.
4 (2) A drawee making payment may recover from a warrantor damages for
5 breach of warranty equal to the amount paid by the drawee less the amount the
6 drawee received or is entitled to receive from the drawer because of the pay-
7 ment. In addition, the drawee is entitled to compensation for expenses and
8 loss of interest resulting from the breach. The right of the drawee to
9 recover damages under this subsection is not affected by any failure of the
10 drawee to exercise ordinary care in making payment. If the drawee accepts the
11 draft (i) breach of warranty is a defense to the obligation of the acceptor,
12 and (ii) if the acceptor makes payment with respect to the draft, the acceptor
13 is entitled to recover from a warrantor for breach of warranty the amounts
14 stated in this subsection.
15 (3) If a drawee asserts a claim for breach of warranty under subsection
16 (1) of this section based on an unauthorized indorsement of the draft or an
17 alteration of the draft, the warrantor may defend by proving that the indorse-
18 ment is effective under section 28-3-404 or 28-3-405 or the drawer is pre-
19 cluded under section 28-3-406 or 28-4-406 from asserting against the drawee
20 the unauthorized indorsement or alteration.
21 (4) If (i) a dishonored draft is presented for payment to the drawer or
22 an indorser or (ii) any other item is presented for payment to a party obliged
23 to pay the item, and the item is paid, the person obtaining payment and a
24 prior transferor of the item warrant to the person making payment in good
25 faith that the warrantor is, or was, at the time the warrantor transferred the
26 item, a person entitled to enforce the item or authorized to obtain payment on
27 behalf of a person entitled to enforce the item. The person making payment
28 may recover from any warrantor for breach of warranty an amount equal to the
29 amount paid plus expenses and loss of interest resulting from the breach.
30 (5) The warranties stated in subsections (1) and (2) of this section can-
31 not be disclaimed with respect to checks. Unless notice of a claim for breach
32 of warranty is given to the warrantor within thirty (30) days after the claim-
33 ant has reason to know of the breach and the identity of the warrantor, the
34 warrantor is discharged to the extent of any loss caused by the delay in giv-
35 ing notice of the claim.
36 (6) A cause of action for breach of warranty under this section accrues
37 when the claimant has reason to know of the breach.
38 (7) A demand draft is a check, as provided in section 28-3-104.
39 (8) If the warranty in subsection (1)(d) of this section is not given by
40 a transferor under applicable conflict of law rules, the warranty is not given
41 to that transferor when the transferor is a transferee.
STATEMENT OF PURPOSE
RS 11955
“Demand drafts” are a type of negotiable instrument which are
authorized by a bank customer but need not be signed by that
customer. They are commonly used by consumers to purchase goods
or services by telephone. The purpose of this bill is to establish
that in the case of a fraudulent demand draft, the perpetrator’s
banks bears the risk of loss, not the consumer’s bank.
Occasionally, an identity thief (“perpetrator”) steals a consumer’s
bank account number, and then uses this number to draw funds from
the consumer’s account by creating a fraudulent demand draft. The
consumer will not discover the fraud until he receives his bank
statement, but so long as he notifies his bank within thirty (30)
days following the receipt of his statement, the bank is required
to re-credit the customer’s account. Under present UCC rules, the
customer’s bank is stuck with the loss, because it is too late to
return the fraudulent demand draft to the bank which accepted it
from the perpetrator. This bill would change the UCC rule on demand
drafts to be the same as the rule for stolen or forged checks: the
customer’s bank would have up to a year to pursue recovery of the
item from the bank which took the fraudulent demand draft from the
perpetrator. As between the two banks, this is the fairer outcome,
since the bank which dealt with the perpetrator is in the best
position to prevent the fraud in the first place.
Similar legislation has already been enacted in California, Hawaii,
North Dakota, Oregon, Texas, Utah and West Virginia.
FISCAL IMPACT
This legislation would have no impact on the general fund.
Contact
Name: Patrick V. Collins
Hawley Troxell Ennis & Hawley LLP
Counsel for the Idaho Bankers Association
Phone: (208) 334-6000
STATEMENT OF PURPOSE/FISCAL NOTE H 583